Legrand M, Rossignol M, Dreux S, Luton D, Ventré C, Barranger E, Laribi S, Payen D, Muller F.; Crit Care Med. 2012 Jul;40(7):2059-2063.
Objective: To test whether serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 could be used as a biomarker of amniotic fluid passage into the maternal circulation.
Design: Case-control study.
Setting: Thirteen centers in France.
Patients: This case-control study included a group with amniotic fluid embolism (the amniotic fluid embolism group) and a group with symptoms unrelated to amniotic fluid embolism (the non-amniotic fluid embolism group). Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 level was measured within 6 hrs from onset of symptoms. We also determined serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in four additional groups of patients with 1) postpartum hemorrhage, 2) uncomplicated labor, 3) normal pregnancy, and 4) non-pregnant patients with acute pulmonary embolism.
Interventions: None.
Measurements: Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 levels were determined using an immuno-enzymatic assay.
Main results: The amniotic fluid embolism group included 25 patients, the non-amniotic fluid embolism group had 20 patients, the postpartum hemorrhage group had 24 patients, and the uncomplicated labor group had 50 patients. The serum levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 were higher in the amniotic fluid embolism group (234 134–635 µmol/L) compared with the non-amniotic fluid embolism, postpartum hemorrhage, and uncomplicated labor groups, which had serum levels of 56 36–91 µmol/L, 65 39–91 µmol/L and 49 30–78 µmol/L, respectively (p < .001). Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 level was not different in women during normal pregnancy (57 37–85 µg/L) compared to the uncomplicated labor group. Patients with acute pulmonary embolism had the lowest insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 level (5 2–14 µg/L). The area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve for serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 was 0.98 0.97–1.00 for the amniotic fluid embolism diagnostic. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 rose from 56 43–90 µg/L before symptoms to 458 161–1514 µg/L after the onset of symptoms in ten patients with available measurements of baseline serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1.
Conclusion: Increased serum levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 appear to be a valuable biomarker of amniotic fluid passage into the maternal circulation and may be used to diagnose amniotic fluid embolism.
Weblink here