Amber E. Barnato1,2,3, Steven M. Albert4, Derek C. Angus1,2,3, Judith R. Lave1,3 and Howard B. Degenholtz1,3. Published ahead of print on November 5, 2010, doi:10.1164/rccm.201002-0301OC. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 183. pp. 1037-1042, (2011)
Rationale: Studies of long-term functional outcomes of elderly survivors of mechanical ventilation (MV) are limited to local samples and biased retrospective, proxy-reported preadmission functional status.
Objectives: To assess the impact on disability of hospitalization with MV, compared with hospitalization without MV, accounting for prospectively assessed prior functional status.
Methods: Retrospective population-based longitudinal cohort study of Medicare beneficiaries age 65 and older enrolled in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, 1996–2003.
Measurements and Main Results: Premeasures and postmeasures of disability included mobility difficulty and weighted activities of daily living disability scores ranging from 0 (not disabled) to 100 (completely disabled) based on self-reported health and functional status collected 1 year apart. Among 54,771 person-years (PY) of observation over 7 calendar years of data, 42,890 PY involved no hospitalization, 11,347 PY involved a hospitalization without MV, and 534 PY included a hospitalization with MV. Mortality at 1 year was 8.9%, 23.9%, and 72.5%, respectively. The level of disability at the postassessment was substantially higher for a prototypical patient who survived after hospitalization with MV (adjusted activities of daily living disability score [95% confidence interval] 14.9 [12.2–17.7]; adjusted mobility difficulty score [95% confidence interval] 25.4 [22.4–28.4]) compared with an otherwise identical patient who survived hospitalization without MV (11.5 [11.1–11.9] and 22.3 [21.8–22.9]) or who was not hospitalized (8.0 [7.9–8.1] and 13.4 [13.3–13.6]).
Conclusions: The greater marginal increase in disability among survivors of MV compared with survivors of hospitalization without MV is larger than would be predicted from prior functional status.
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